We all learn in different ways. Some people prefer reading information, while others prefer to listen to lectures. Then, there are visual learners, who absorb information best when they can see it.
Visual learning is a common and practical learning style that depends on vision and spatial abilities. Individuals with visual-spatial ability can understand visual information and recall the details of that information quickly.
As the saying goes, “A picture is worth a thousand words.” For visual learners, that is often true. Seeing information represented visually can make abstract concepts more concrete and easier to understand.
In this article, we’ll explore what it means to be a visual learner. We’ll also discuss some theories behind visual learning and look at proven strategies visual learners can use to maximize their learning potential.
What is a Visual Learner?
Visual learners think and process information primarily in pictures, images, and spatial arrangements.
According to the VARK model of learning styles, visual learning is one of four main types of learning:
- Visual – learning through seeing pictures, diagrams, demonstrations, displays, handouts, films, flip-charts, etc.
- Auditory – learning through listening to lectures, discussions, tapes, etc.
- Reading/Writing – learning through reading and writing text-based information.
- Kinesthetic – learning through experience, practice, and activities.
So, a visual learner absorbs and retains information better when presented visually. Visual cues like charts, graphs, maps, diagrams, and other graphic organizers can help visual learners understand complex material. Images tend to stick in their minds better than words alone.
Theories Behind Visual Learning
Some theories from psychology and neuroscience help explain why visual learning is effective. Let’s take a look at a few:
Dual Coding Theory
Dual coding theory proposes that information is processed and retained better when it enters the mind through visual and verbal channels. The brain encodes visual data (images) separately from verbal data (text). When information comes in through both channels, it sticks better.
Cognitive Load Theory
This theory suggests that visual information can reduce cognitive load. There is less demand on our working memory when information is presented visually rather than verbally. Visuals allow cognitive processing in the visual cortex rather than overburdening the verbal-processing regions.
Neuroscience Findings
Neuroimaging studies reveal that different brain parts activate when processing visual versus verbal information. The occipital lobes at the back of the brain are mainly responsible for visual processing. When we look at images, this visual cortex activates and engages.
Characteristics of Visual Learners
There are some common characteristics and behaviors seen in visual learners:
- They process information better when they can see it rather than just hearing or reading it.
- They typically have strong visualization skills and think in pictures.
- They may take detailed notes, draw diagrams, or create other visual representations to comprehend material.
- They find it helpful to use color coding, charts, graphs, etc. to organize information.
- They benefit from illustrations, concept maps, flowcharts, and other graphics accompanying verbal information.
- They are often good with directions on maps.
- If lost in thought, they tend to look upward with their eyes as if picturing something.
- They learn well with videos, demonstrations, slides, and other visual media.
- They prefer to sit in the front of the classroom to avoid visual obstructions.
Of course, having a visual learning preference doesn’t mean you can’t learn in other ways. It means you tend to learn more effectively through visuals.
Strategies for Visual Learners
If you’re a visual learner, there are many strategies you can use to capitalize on your visual abilities:
Take Visual Notes
Take notes using sketches, diagrams, mind maps, etc. Drawing and doodling can help cement concepts. Use symbols, arrows, layout, and color-coding to organize and highlight information.
Draw Your Own Visual Aids
Don’t just look at graphics in textbooks: drawing charts, timelines, and illustrations to integrate the material. Making visual study aids engages your visual skills.
Use Color Systematically
Use colors, highlighters, colored pens, sticky notes, and other ways to color-code topics and organize your notes. Different colors help categorize and distinguish concepts.
Replace Words with Symbols
In your notes, replace words with symbols, pictures, and icons that make sense to you. Convert some of the verbal information into meaningful visual representations.
Watch Videos & Animations
Seek videos, animations, slideshows, or interactive graphics related to your learning. Visual media with audio narration can be very engaging.
Use Graphic Organizers
Use tools like idea maps, flow charts, diagrams, etc., to integrate and summarize material visually. Graphic organizers help identify connections.
Draw Timelines
For histories or processes, turn the verbal sequence into a visual timeline—timelines condense material into a spatial layout that’s easy to visualize.
Visualize While Listening
Even in verbal lectures, try to visualize critical ideas and relationships. Create mental pictures of what you’re hearing to cement the concepts.
Meet with Professors
Schedule office hours with professors to go over material visually on the whiteboard. Drawing out concepts can help solidify your understanding.
Pair with Other Learning Styles
Combine visual learning with modalities like auditory discussions or hands-on activities for a multi-sensory study experience.
While visuals may be your primary learning strength, they also help reinforce concepts through other modalities.
Here are some ideas:
- Discussion – Verbal discussion brings in the auditory modality. Explain key concepts to a friend or study group. Articulating the ideas strengthens them.
- Reading/Writing – The reading/writing style complements visual learning. Outline chapters in writing and summarize concepts in your own words.
- Hands-On – Kinesthetic activities like experiments, model building, simulations, field trips, etc. make material tangible.
- Auditory – After visual input like a slideshow, listen to audio of the same lecture. Hearing the information provides another sensory channel.
- Teach Back – Explain the visual concepts verbally and in writing to an imaginary audience. Teaching material back helps reinforce it.
- Real-World Examples – Tie visual concepts to concrete examples you’re familiar with from real life. Relatable examples make the material relevant.
- Mnemonic Devices – Makeup rhymes, acronyms, or acrostics to help remember vital visual concepts. These auditory/verbal devices create solid mental hooks.
The most effective approach combines visual, auditory, reading/writing, kinesthetic, and real-world experience. Don’t limit yourself just to your primary modality. Visualize concepts, discuss them, outline them, take notes, teach them back, and connect them to real-world examples for a multi-sensory learning experience.
The Visual Learner: Maximize Success
Visual learning is a typical and practical learning style that relies on visual processing skills. Visual learners absorb information better when they can see it through images, diagrams, charts, videos, and other graphics.
Research theories like dual coding theory help explain the power of visual learning. Strategies like taking visual notes, drawing visual aids, using graphic organizers, visualizing concepts, and pairing visuals with other modalities can help visual learners optimize studying and maximize learning during lessons.
While we all have a dominant learning style, remember that using a blend of modalities is often the most effective. So, even as a visual learner, reinforce concepts through discussion, reading, writing, and hands-on practice. With the right visual learning strategies, you can maximize your natural skills as a visual thinker.
FAQs
What are the characteristics of visual learners?
Common traits visual learners share include: thinking in pictures and images; taking detailed notes, using mind maps; and benefitting from visual study aids like charts, timelines, and graphic organizers.
What are some effective study strategies for visual learners?
Study strategies for visual learners include: taking visual notes, using drawings, symbols, and color-coding. You can also create charts, and use highlighters. Also, replacing words with symbols and icons; watching explanatory animations and videos; or visualizing concepts during verbal lectures can be beneficial as well.
How can visual learners combine styles for the most effective studying?
While visual learning may be their main strength, visual learners can reinforce concepts by pairing visuals with other modalities like auditory discussions, hands-on activities, written outlines and summaries, mnemonic devices, and real-world examples for a robust study experience. A blend of learning styles is often the most effective.
